Paint Analysis of Historic Structures

Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. provides technical expertise in the extraction, analysis, documentation and assessment of paint colors and finishes found on or in historic structures and evaluates their periods of application. Our professional staff is equipped to provide two levels of paint analysis and finish investigations for the needs of our clients. The first is Intensive, consisting of on-site testing that utilizes the cratering method and the taking of samples for microscopic analysis. Individual historic paint layers are revealed and documented through cross section photography and paint/finish examination and identification. All site test locations are mapped, keyed and photographically documented. A detailed professional report is then produced containing field and laboratory methodology, findings (including chemical composition of events if requested), and exact color matches using Munsell® color chips.

The second type of paint analysis is somewhat generalized and geared toward projects typically undertaken by historic home owners. This investigation consists of on-site testing that utilizes the cratering method and the taking of samples for laboratory analysis. All site tests are keyed to basic mapping and the findings presented in a detailed letter report format. Unscientific color matches with modern, readily available paints are provided for each individual historic paint layer identified during the investigations.

Both levels of historic paint analysis can provide valuable information on the historic color choices and schemes (trim color vs. field color) utilized at specific times in a buildings history. They can also identify graining, marbleizing or other faux finishing techniques, and can often provide valuable insight into the aesthetic sensibilities of those who inhabited a structure in the past. The investigations may provide the answers to difficult questions regarding the history of a building, clues to the age of interior or exterior elements, and whether those elements are contemporaneous, later additions, or if elements are missing altogether. Furthermore, they can often provide additional answers regarding the historic uses of specific rooms, circulation patterns and spatial alterations that may not be otherwise identifiable.

The Intensive Level Paint Analysis is scientifically documented while the General Paint Analysis is largely assessment based. The Intensive Level can be exact to the point of identifying shellac, glaze or organic paint type, and can identify original color pigments that may have aged or discolored over time. The General Level cannot provide this accuracy and should only be relied upon for aesthetic considerations and basic historic investigations.